Trending December 2023 # How To Install Plasmoids In Kubuntu (Kde) # Suggested January 2024 # Top 13 Popular

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I have just started using Kubuntu a week ago. Being a new user of the KDE desktop, I admit that I am have difficulty getting used to its terms. One of the thing I am always confuse is the difference between plasmoids and widgets. The two terms are used interchangeably and it took some googling to discover that plasmoids are actually widgets.

If you are, just like me, having difficulty in installing your plasmoids, here is how you can do it:

1. Download the plasmoid to your home folder. It should have a .plasmoid extension.

That’s it.

Install via command line

In some cases, installing plasmoid via the above method doesn’t work. The best way is to install via the command line.

plasmapkg

-u

widget-file-name.plasmoid

If that still doesn’t work, try the following method:

2. Open Konsole.

3. type in the following command:

plasmapkg

-i

plasmoid-folder-name

where the plasmoid-folder-name is the name of the folder that you extracted the plasmoid to.

If the installation is successful, you should find the plasmoid in your widget library. You can then drag it to the desktop to use it.

It is easy, only if you know the way to do it.

Damien

Damien Oh started writing tech articles since 2007 and has over 10 years of experience in the tech industry. He is proficient in Windows, Linux, Mac, Android and iOS, and worked as a part time WordPress Developer. He is currently the owner and Editor-in-Chief of Make Tech Easier.

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How To Install Windows In Virtualbox In Linux

There are several reasons a Linux user would want to create a Windows virtual machine, and VirtualBox is easily one of the most popular hypervisors available for Linux. It’s simple to use, easily accessible, and extremely flexible in what it allows you to do with your virtual machines. In this guide, you’ll learn how to install Windows in VirtualBox in Linux.

Tip: other than Windows, you can also install macOS in Virtualbox.

Installing VirtualBox

There are two ways to install VirtualBox in Linux. The first is to go to the website and download whichever package works for your system. Follow the steps below:

Follow the download prompts, and the package installer should automatically install the package.

However, there are some challenges with that. Generally, just installing the RPM or DEB will miss building the kernel modules necessary, which can bring up many errors. The way to get around that is to install VirtualBox from your distro’s repository. This is usually a simple command to install, depending on your distribution.

For Ubuntu and its derivatives:

sudo

apt

install

virtualbox virtualbox-guest-additions-iso Downloading Windows 11

For those who may not be aware, Windows 11 is actually free to download and use. You can’t use it in a production environment without paying for it, but if it’s purely for personal purposes, it’s fair game.

Download Windows 11 by going to Microsoft’s Windows Download page.

Tip: aside from installing Windows from an ISO, you can also download an official VM image for Windows that comes already configured for VirtualBox.

Note: the download may take a while, especially on a slow network connection, as the ISO image is almost 5GB in size.

Do you know: other than VirtualBox, you can also install Windows 11 in Raspberry Pi.

Creating the Windows 11 Virtual Machine

Type “Windows 11” in the “Name” section. That will automatically choose the “Version” to “Windows 11 (64-bit).” From there, name it anything you want.

Go to the “Username and Password” group and write the credentials you want for your Windows 11 account.

Go to the “Additional Options” group. Change the values in both the “Hostname” and “Domain Name” textboxes. For this, you can write any value that you want as long as the Domain Name is two characters long.

Go through the menu and set whatever you’d like for the configuration of the virtual machine. I’d recommend at least 4096MB memory and creating a 60GB virtual disk.

After you are done creating your virtual machine, VirtualBox will automatically start and install Windows 11 in the background.

Once Windows is installed, you may notice that it’s complaining about inadequate video drivers and that you’re limited to a very small screen. To fix all that, you will need to install VirtualBox Guest Additions.

Installing VirtualBox Guest Additions in Windows

You can choose to reboot now or do it later.

With that done, the Guest Additions are installed, and you can experience true 3D acceleration, screen size selection, and many of the other great benefits that come with using VirtualBox Guest Additions, like shared clipboards and file sharing from Host to Guest and back.

Note that the VM is now full screen.

Tip: learn how to share USB and network devices in VirtualBox.

Transferring Files from Linux to Windows 11

Another benefit of enabling VirtualBox Guest Additions is that it allows you to seamlessly transfer files between your host Linux machine and Windows 11. This can be helpful if you are using your VM for data processing and need a way to push and pull files from your guest operating system. To get started, follow the steps below:

Creating a Permanent Shared Folder in VirtualBox

While using the File Manager utility allows you to transfer files from your host to your guest OS, there are instances where you might need a more permanent channel between them. To this end, VirtualBox provides a “Shared Folder” feature, which is used to create a link between your two machines.

Select the folder that you want to use in your host OS from the File Picker menu.

Good to know: while a Share Folder allows you to back up files inside your VM, you can also make an OVA file in VirtualBox, which will create a reproducible image that you can reinstall at anytime.

Frequently Asked Questions Why does my Windows 11 VM keep crashing on startup?

While this can be due to a number of issues, the most common cause for this is a BIOS setting that disabled your machine’s virtualization features. To fix this issue, go into your system’s BIOS and enable any setting that contains either an Intel VT-x/VT-d or AMD-V.

How do I fix my VM, as it’s slow and sluggish when running?

This is most likely due to a lack of available system resources in your host machine. As such, you can fix this by making sure that VirtualBox is the only heavy program that is running whenever you boot a guest operating system.

Why am I getting a UEFI Shell whenever I boot my Windows 11 ISO?

This happens whenever VirtualBox tries to load a guest operating system using UEFI. By default, VirtualBox only uses UEFI as a fallback mode for pickier operating systems and will not boot Windows 11 under UEFI.

Image credit: Unsplash. All alterations and screenshots by Ramces Red.

Ramces Red

Ramces is a technology writer that lived with computers all his life. A prolific reader and a student of Anthropology, he is an eccentric character that writes articles about Linux and anything *nix.

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How To Install Snap Applications In Arch Linux

If you’re a longtime Linux user, you likely recall how difficult installing new applications could be. Unless it was included with the installer, you usually needed to go through the configure, make, make install process, usually hunting down missing dependencies along the way. Package managers like apt and yum made this much more manageable, but dependencies could still bite you.

You may have heard of Snap, which claims to fix many of these problems. You might have also heard that it’s an Ubuntu-only thing, but fortunately, that’s not true.

What Are Snap Applications?

Snap applications, known as “snaps,” are meant to be distribution-agnostic, so ideally they should run the same no matter which system they run on. To achieve this, most of the dependencies and runtimes an application needs in order to run are bundled into the snap. This means that once you have snap set up and running on your system, adding applications that would otherwise need several dependencies is now much easier.

Snap is backed by Canonical, which is why it is often mentioned around Ubuntu, but it is meant to run on any major Linux distribution. Arch is even an officially supported distribution, so snap is a great way to run apps that aren’t packaged for Arch.

Installing the snapd Daemon

In order to install snaps on your system, you’ll need the snapd daemon installed. While snap officially supports Arch, you’ll need to install it from the Arch User Repository (AUR). Fortunately, this is easy to do using the yaourt tool.

First, install snapd by running the following command:

yaourt

-S

snapd

Now you need to enable the service to run. To do this, simply type the following command:

systemctl

enable

--now

snapd.socket Installing Snap Applications

Now that you have snap installed, you can use it to install packages as you would any other package manager. For example, to install a particular application using snap, just run the following:

snap

install

application-name

To list the snaps available on your system, run the following:

snap list

To search for a package, you can query whether it is available by typing the following:

snap

find

searchterm

Finally, to remove a package, simply run this:

snap remove application-name Other Snap Tips and Tricks

Snap applications are automatically kept up to date by default, but to manually update all applications, run the following:

snap refresh

Some snaps don’t use the traditional path, which is “/var/lib/snapd/snap.” Instead, they install to “/snap.” In order to support installing these “classic snaps,” simply create a symbolic link with the following command:

-s

var

lib

snapd

snap

Now you’ll be able to install and run these applications, but they’ll be installed alongside all your other snaps. It’s the best of both worlds and also happens to be compliant with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard.

Conclusion

Snap isn’t the only technology of its sort. Flatpak and AppImage are two similar package systems that aim to sort many of the same problems. That said, with Snap having the backing of Ubuntu, it seems to be the most popular of these formats, at least for now.

Does that mean it’s the best? A while ago, we took at look at Snap and Flatpak to see how they hold up against each other and to find out which one is the best.

Kris Wouk

Kris Wouk is a writer, musician, and whatever it’s called when someone makes videos for the web.

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How To Find, Download, And Install Custom Icons In Linux

Linux users have the freedom to customize their system to fit their preferences, including the desktop theme and icons. There are many simple ways to create custom icons in Linux to change the look and feel of your system. We will discuss the following methods to use custom icons:

Finding and installing custom icons from trusted websites

Using the Tar Command for One User or System-Wide Usage

Modernize Xfce Desktop with Cool-Looking Icons

Install Paper Icon Theme in Linux Mint Cinnamon

Create App Shortcut on Ubuntu with GNOME Desktop

Finding and Installing Custom Icons in Linux from Trusted Websites

There are many places online for users to download custom icon themes. Below are websites that are trusted by the Linux community.

Table of Contents

The source for almost all open source projects, including custom icons, is Github.

Gnome-look.org hosts high-quality Gnome-based icon themes.

The artwork sharing community, chúng tôi is known for the high-quality themes and icons created by its contributors

Users can download custom widgets from the official KDE store.

OpenDesktop.org is another trusted website for icon themes.

Your system’s file manager will create a folder automatically and put the contents of the archive inside it.

Enter the following command in terminal to create a hidden icon folder in your home directory:

Locate the downloaded icon theme, usually found in your download folder. Use the CD command below to get there.

To install the icon there, move it to the hidden icons directory you created.

Using the Tar Command for One User or System-Wide Usage

Search for an icon theme from one of the trusted websites listed above. Below is a screenshot of a set of icons from openDesktop.org.

Download the icon set using the following tar command:

$ tar xJpf papirus-icon-theme-20230203.tar.xz

Next, move your extracted icon folder into place. If you are installing it for just one user, move it to:

~/.local/share/icons/

Put the folder into the following location for a system-side installation:

~/usr/share/icons/

Open a terminal and use one of the following commands depending upon the type of installation:

Select Themes or Appearance tab.

Find the option to select the icon theme you downloaded and select it to apply.

Modernize Xfce Desktop with Cool-Looking Icons

Xfce is a popular desktop environment for Linux because it’s lightweight and runs on low resources. However, it looks and feels old.

Customizing themes and adding custom icons in Linux can spruce up the desktop and make it look more modern and fresh.

Go to chúng tôi to find and download an icon theme set you like (such as the one below), extract it, and put it in the .icons directory in your home directory.

Install Paper Icon Theme in Linux Mint Cinnamon

There are two ways to install icon theme sets in Linux Mint. Downloading the icon theme and extracting it to the ~/.icons directory is discussed above.

Another way is to use a PPA (A Personal Package Archive). Below is a screenshot of a cool-looking icon set called Paper Icon Theme.

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and use the command below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:snwh/pulp

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install paper-icon-theme

After installing the icon theme, from the Menu, go to Settings, then Themes.

Here you will see all the available icons. Select the set you want to use.

Create App Shortcut on Ubuntu with GNOME Desktop

The instructions below will also work for any other distributions that use the GNOME desktop.

Classic desktop operating systems include icons on the screen such as the trash bin, the file manager, and application shortcuts.

While in Windows, many programs will ask if you want to create a desktop shortcut, Linux distributions do not.

Make sure you have the GNOME Tweak Tool Installed and enable the Show Icons option.

Look for the application icon and either drag and drop it onto the desktop or copy it from the .desktop file (Ctrl+C shortcut) and paste it on your desktop (Ctrl+V shortcut).

Instead of seeing a logo or icon for the application, you will see a text file with a warning that says: untrusted application launcher.

How To Install Git On Linux

Git is a popular version control system that enables developers to track changes in their codebase and quickly interact with others. It is widely used in the software development business and has evolved into an essential tool for many programmers.

In this article will walk you through the Installation of Git on Linux.

Prerequisites

Access to a user account that has sudo or root rights.

A computer that is running Ubuntu 20.04 or 22.04.

Access to a command line/terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T).

Install Git using APT

This is the easiest way to install Git on your system because Git package is included in the official Ubuntu chúng tôi you wish to install a specific version or latest stable version, you need to Install Git from source.

[email protected]:-$ sudo apt update Yeading package lists... 99%

This command will refresh the package listings in preparation for upgrades and new package installations.

Then, if there are any pending upgrades, upgrade the system:

sudo apt upgrade [email protected]:-$ sudo apt upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no lon ger required: libflashromi libftdi1-2 1ibllvmi3 virtualbox-guest-utils Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following NEW packages will be installed: libatomic1 libllvmi5 linux-headers-5.19.0-45-generic linux-hwe-5.19-headers-5.19.0-45 linux-image-5.19.0-45-generic linux-modules-5.19.0-45-generic linux-modules-extra-5.19.0-45-generic systemd-hwe-hwdb The following packages will be upgraded: accountsservice alsa-ucm-conf apparmor apport apport-gtk apt apt-utils avahi-autoipd avahi-daemon avahi-utils base-files bind9-dnsutils bind9-host bindo-libs britty ca-certificates cpp-11 cups cups-browsed cups-bsd cups-client cups-common cups-core-drivers cups-daemon cups-filters cups-filters-core-drivers cups-ipp-utils cups-ppdc sudo apt install git [email protected]:-$ sudo apt install git Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no nger required: Llibflashrom1 libftdi1-2 1ibllvm13 virtualbox-guest-utils Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: git-man liberror-perl Suggested packages: git-gui gitk gitweb git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn The following NEW packages will be installed: git git-man liberror-perl © upgraded, 3 newly installed, © to remove and 1 not upgraded. Need to get 4,147 kB of archives. After this operation, 21.6 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [y/n]

During the installation, you may be asked to confirm the installation by typing ‘y’ and pressing Enter. Please do so in order for the installation to proceed. The system will then download and install the Git package and any dependencies.

git --version

If Git was successfully installed, the version number will be displayed in the output terminal.

Install Git from Source

If you wish to install a specific version of Git or any latest stable version, you need to compile Git from source. Make sure you install the dependencies required to install from source.

sudo apt update sudo apt install dh-autoreconf libcurl4-gnutls-dev libexpat1-dev make gettext libz-dev libssl-dev libghc-zlib-dev

Now choose the version you need to install and copy the tar.gz link from the official git releases page.

Now you can download and extract the version you wish to the /usr/share directory.

Once the download is completed you can move inside the directory and execute the following commands to compile and install Git.

.41.0.tar.gz

HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 362 Found

following] /tags/v2.41.0 3… connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 260 OK Length: 10884275 (16M) [application/x-gzip] saving to: ‘STDOUT’

Here are the instructions for compiling and installing Git on Linux:

cd /usr/src/git-* sudo make prefix=/usr/local all sudo make prefix=/usr/local install [email protected]:~$ cd /usr/src/git-* sudo make prefix=/usr/Tocal all Sudo make prefix=/usr/Tocal install GIT_VERSION = 2.41.6 * new build flags CC oss-fuzz/fuzz-conmit-graph.o CC oss-fuzz/fuzz-pack-headers.o CC oss-fuzz/fuzz-pack-idx.o CC daemon.o * new link flags CC common-main.o cc abspath.o CC add-interactive.o CC add-patch.o CC alias.o CC alloc.o cc apply.o CC archive-tar.o cc archive-zip.o git --version

You will get a sample output similar to the one below.

Now you have compiled and installed Git from source.

Configure the Git User Information

Before you begin using Git, you should configure your user information. This data will be linked to any commits you make in a Git repository. Replace the placeholders with your own name and email address and run the following commands:

git config --global chúng tôi "Your Name" git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

You may check the configuration settings by running the command:

git config --list

A list of setup items, including your name and email address, will be displayed.

Output sample:

If you prefer to manually edit the Git configuration file, you can do so with any text editor you like, such as nano:

nano ~/.gitconfig

Now your changes will be saved inside the ~/.gitconfig folder.

Also read: You might also find useful our guide on How to Modify the Hostname in Linux

Conclusion

To summarize, installing Git on Linux is a simple process. By following the provided steps, you can easily set up Git, update your system, and configure your user information. You are now ready to use Git’s sophisticated version control capabilities for your software development projects after successfully installing it.

How To Install And Use Salesforce Cli?

What is Salesforce CLI?

A Salesforce Command Line Interface (CLI) is a free and open-source tool that streamlines and automates processes across the Salesforce platform.

Ultimately, Salesforce CLI accelerates and simplifies the development process for developers and administrators. Within a Salesforce organization, It makes build automation and development simpler. It gathers numerous Salesforce APIs.

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It can be programmed and run through the terminal, which facilitates automation. Users can use the Salesforce CLI to manage tokens and transfer source data salesforce metadata across numerous environments.

Key Takeaways

Salesforce CLI simplifies the automation of Salesforce development and builds processes.

It manages and creates orgs, synchronizes sources to and from orgs, and installs packages.

It can gather every tool required for development and issue orders to a Salesforce organization.

The Salesforce Developer Experience, or SFDX, is primarily linked to the Salesforce CLI.

How to Install Salesforce CLI on Mac & Windows? 1. Setup the CLI on Mac OS

A.pkg file is to install Salesforce CLI on macOS.

Download the .pkg file.

(Image Credit: Salesforce)

Restart your Terminal windows or IDEs once the installation is complete to ensure that the Salesforce CLI executables are accessible.

2. Setup the CLI on Windows

A .exe file is to set up Salesforce CLI on Windows.

Download the .exe file.

Make the Salesforce CLI executables accessible by restarting your command prompts, PowerShell windows, or IDEs when the installation is complete.

How to Use Salesforce CLI?

It’s time to start using the Salesforce CLI, so install it first. The simplest method uses a command that details the CLI’s actions.

Try executing the following command:

sfdx commands

(Image Credit: SalesforceBEN)

All of the commands that the CLI supports are output by this command. One of the four words alias, config, auth, or force starts each of these commands. These logical collections of our orders are “namespaces,” each performing a particular set of functions.

1. Alias

This property controls the login aliases. Use these login credentials with the CLI. Choose a user-friendly name, such as “UAT” or “Prod.”

sfdx alias:list

2. Auth

sfdx auth:web:login -a DeveloperSandbox

3. Config

You can set the configuration variables here for other programs. Several factors may be involved, ranging from the API version to the command’s default username.

sfdx config:get defaultusername

4. Force

It is the biggest and most used namespace since it is where most CLI magic occurs. It includes (but is not limited to) the following instructions for communicating with an organization.

Deployment and metadata retrieval.

Creating orgs or sandboxes from scratch.

Constructing both first- and second-generation packages.

Running secretly to the top.

Transferring and importing data

sfdx force:source: deploy -m CustomObjects

How would one deploy this Apex class, for instance? To accomplish this, each command has parameters provided to demonstrate the intent. A single hyphen precedes the shorter parameter name after the command name (-w or -wait, for example) or a double hyphen (-) when using the full parameter name.

Specify a boolean value using these arguments alone or combined with other parameters to specify what those parameters should return.

sfdx force:source: deploy -m ApexClass: MyApexClass

Data Loader CLI

Data Loader in two different ways:

1. User Interface

The user interface allows one to specify configuration parameters and CSV files for import and export.

The field mappings that correspond in your import file to the field names in Salesforce interactively.

2. Command Line (Only Available for Windows)

When using the command line, one specifies the files’ settings, data sources, mappings, and actions.

One can configure a Data Loader for automated processing using this.

Final Thoughts

Working with your Salesforce org is easier with the Salesforce CLI, a command-line interface. You can use CLI to develop and manage orgs, synchronize sources to and from orgs, design and install packages, and more. It is beneficial because Salesforce CLI is simple to use and doesn’t require extensive training before use. Commands for the Salesforce CLI are typically related to SFDX.

Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs)

Given below are the FAQs mentioned:

Q1. What does CLI stand for?

Answer: A command line interface (CLI) program executes operating system operations by taking text input. It was the only way to interface with computers in the 1960s at computer terminals. PC systems like MS-DOS, Apple DOS, and Unix systems in the 1970s and 1980s used command line input.

Q2. Does Salesforce CLI require Java?

Answer: Installation of JDK version 17 (recommended), JDK version 11, or JDK version 8 is necessary. Installing one of the recommended versions is essential, even if another version of Java is already present. As instructed in our Salesforce Extensions instructions, install Java.

Q3. Is VS code compatible with Salesforce CLI?

Answer: The Salesforce CLI deals with local source files and runs commands against Salesforce org. Even if one doesn’t want to use the Salesforce CLI directly, install it on the computer because Salesforce Extensions for VS Code uses it in the background.

Q4. How does CLI work? Q5. What does the Salesforce SFDX CLI do?

Answer: Essentially a command line tool, The Salesforce Developer Experience Command Line Interface (SFDX CLI) makes developing it much simpler and more enjoyable for the Salesforce Platform.